COLOMBIA

Republic of Colombia, a country of South America, similar in its history with the history of many countries in South America, where it was inhabited by Indians and came to colonize the Spanish period of time, gained after independence from Spain on July 20, 1810 m, and has been giving the name Colombia them relative to the explorer famous Christopher Columbus .

Colombia lies at the western end of South America, bordering the northern and north-eastern Venezuela to the east with Brazil, and is bordered to the south of Peru and Ecuador, and north-western Caribbean, Panama, and runs the rest of the west coast of Colombia to the Pacific Ocean.

Diverse aspects of the surface in Colombia there are the coast and the Andes, and the eastern plains, is the Sahel region in the coastal lowlands along the Caribbean coast and the Pacific coast, and the Andes Mountains stretch in the western part of the country from north to south, and includes the West Indies and Central and Eastern The latter consists of flat land and are packed with high population density is high, with about three-quarters the size of the country's population.

Covering the eastern plains a large area of ​​the country which is watered by a number of rivers such as the Amazon and Orinoco The River Magdalena, which flows from the Andes and walk north through the easy Tmaa where hurt in the Caribbean, and covers the tropical forests of large areas in the southern part of the country.

Resembles Colombia's history of many countries in South America, where the Indians are the indigenous people of the country, before being discovered by the Spaniards and become a colony like the rest of the continent, began discovery, the Spanish of Colombia by the sixteenth century, was founded the first colony at Santa Marta in 1525.

 Housing Indian country in the tribes and groups scattered called Balchpicha was concentrated in the Andes, but did not continue the presence of these tribes often have been attacked when he entered the Jimenez de Quesada Spain at the head of his campaign to the country in 1536 and took control of it and on the tribes that are out there and founded the capital, Bogota, He also launched the name of Granada on the vicinity of them.

 Began after the groups Spanish arriving in the country gradually was the establishment of many colonies and the establishment of cities and despite the lack of Colombia of wealth in other countries in South America but it was the exploitation of wealth in the rare, such as emeralds, platinum, has been harnessing the Indians and other Africans who were brought from South Africa to work in farms and mines.

 In 1717 the number of colonies merge together to form a single colony and was released the title of "the mandate of the New Granada" on them, and it includes the state of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama, and Bogota is the capital of the new mandate.

 Started movements of rebellion and protest against the Spanish colonial show in spite of the attempts the Spaniards continued to eliminate them, but failed all attempts to eradicate the revolution that broke out and escalated, until the declaration of independence of most of the Spanish colonies in 1810, and which helped to Independence is a stage of vulnerability experienced by Spain as a result of attack by the French.

  In 1819, the military commander, Simon Bolivar defeated the Spanish and became the first Chairman of the Great Colombia, which includes Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama, and it soon broke both Venezuela and Ecuador, Panama and separated later in the year 1903.

 Caught in Colombia, many of the internal conflicts between different parties, which differ in defining the role of government and the church and the extent of their power, Vtajajt conflicts between each of the partisan liberal and conservative, which resulted in the outbreak of violence and civil war, and numerous constitutions that have been developed for governance in Colombia as a result of the multiplicity of parties and Achtlavaha each party governs puts the Constitution, which suits him and as a result of these continuing disagreements broke out one of the civil wars

Fierce, known as the Thousand Days War began in 1899 and until the year 1902.

Colombia is always working to attract more tourists and this is what has already been achieved in recent years, building on what was said by the World Tourism Organization, Colombia has achieved an increase in the ratio of the number of tourist arrivals, where it took third place among the countries of South America.

 Characterized Colombia exquisite natural beauty cover the mountains, large parts of the country, in addition to the shores of the magnificent, and is a tourist the natural able to spend the most beautiful times especially with all the factors that will help it through the availability of hotels and all the comforts of the tourists, in addition to receiving Wedoud the local population.

 Flock to Colombia many tourists during the festival, as there are many festivals that remind them Barnkyula Carnival, Carnival in Bogota summer, a festival of theater and Flower Festival, and many other carnivals, festivals, and that work as a magnet for many tourists.

 Cartagena is Colombia's most attractive cities for tourists, one of the big cities and an important port on the northern coast of Colombia.